Chef John's Sloppy Joe Dip

Combine ground beef, diced bell pepper, chopped onion, minced garlic, flour, brown sugar, salt, black pepper, and cayenne pepper in a large, heavy cooking vessel.

Heat the pot over medium-high heat and use a spoon to break up the mixture as it warms. Continue stirring until the majority of the liquid has evaporated, leaving a crumbly texture and a starting browning effect, approximately 15 minutes. Introduce chicken broth, ketchup, mustard, and Worcestershire sauce into the mixture by stirring it in thoroughly. Ensure everything is well combined before reducing heat to a medium setting. Cook, occasionally stirring the mixture, until it reaches a thick consistency, roughly 45 minutes.

Position an oven rack about 6 inches away from the heat source and preheat the oven's broiler to its highest setting.

Transfer the mixture to an oven-safe saucepan and cover it with half of the shredded cheese. Use a fork to gently press the cheese into the dip, stirring it lightly to distribute evenly. Top with the remaining cheese.

Place the saucepan under the broiler and cook until the cheese is golden brown, and the mixture is hot and bubbly, approximately 5 minutes.